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Based on the proof-of-basic principle experiment, the conversion efficiency of 23% implied the potential of obtaining superior-power at the 2nd Stokes wavelength of the Raman laser. If the pump laser of 1078 nm could possibly be received at the normal electric power of fifty W, the output electricity of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm may be a lot more than 10 W. The look with the Raman laser cavity must be optimized in an effort to steer clear of the problems from the M1 and diamond area.
全固态紫外激光器以其体积小、寿命长、效率高、光束质量好、调谐范围宽、谱线窄等优点，广泛应用于机械探伤、光刻、微加工和医学等领域，等，利用大功率近红外相干光源作为基于非线性调谐技术的基频源，通过多级变频产生紫外相干辐射被认为是发展紫外相干光源的重要途径。紫外相干光源的关键问题是研制紫外波段的非线性光学变频晶体。非线性光学晶体是实现频率变换的条件之一，因此对非线性光学晶体的生长、尺寸、损伤电阻、转换效率和允许的参数范围提出了越来越高的要求。
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Mainly because of the thermal lens impact from the stable-condition lasers, When the heating administration is inadequate, It isn't easy to obtain the reliable-point out laser having a large electrical power along with a higher beam good quality simultaneously. Just lately, with the development of The skinny disk laser and solitary-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a substantial-electricity laser at the fundamental wavelength (1 μm) were understood with an excellent beam high quality even with a TEM00 manner beam [four,24], which would be good candidates for the elemental with the DUV laser era. An additional prospect for the basic may be the high-ability fiber laser which could possibly be achieved by coherent beam blend with M2 value a lot less than one.
On the other facet, the ability scaling of the NIR laser is an additional aspect to raise the average electricity of the 193-nm DUV laser. A result of the not enough the higher-electricity amplification Alternative from the NIR laser (for example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures like optical parameter oscillation (OPO) can be placed on create a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the desired wavelength in addition to obtaining relative greater energy [21]. Not too long ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its ability in attaining a significant ability and a significant conversion performance in the 1st Stokes from the 1-μm laser [22,23], which implies the chance to be used during the 193-nm DUV laser technology as a consequence of its large Raman obtain and large frequency change.
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Also, combining the good-state laser with other nonlinear approach such as stimulated Raman scattering, NIR lasers can be obtained at new wavelengths with significant energy and significant beam good quality, which was examined from the evidence-of-basic principle experiment. This Raman laser scheme offers a whole new path to the substantial-energy DUV laser, especially for the wavelength of 193 nm.
The beam profile proven in Figure 7b demonstrated an excellent beam top quality as one of several deserves of Raman laser, which might be effective to crank out a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
The conversion efficiency from basic NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% according to the documented brings about Table 1. Rising the conversion performance will reduce the load on the look and set up of the fundamental laser amplifier in addition to the electric powered electrical power intake. A fantastic beam quality of the fundamental laser may also contribute for the rising with the conversion effectiveness together with the right electric power depth on the NIR and eco-friendly laser inside the SHG and FHG method, respectively. The highest conversion efficiencies from NIR to green and environmentally friendly to DUV laser by utilization of CLBO crystal are 70% and close to fifty%, respectively [twelve], which corresponds to your conversion effectiveness of 35% from fundamental to DUV.
The event of your 193-nm laser was demonstrated by stages of SFG. So as to scale the DUV laser power efficiently, a different thought from the 193-nm DUV laser era is offered determined by the diamond Raman laser.